Optimal Throughput Dynamic Quality Asteroid Reprocessing
https://i.imgur.com/fMjRqsV.png
https://factoriobin.com/post/khmexz
This can reprocess any asteroid of any quality. It is based on /u/k1ng4400's single-combinator approach, but that and other designs have an issue where the recipe switches based on belt inputs, even if more of the same input are already loaded. That loses throughput waiting on the inputs to be unloaded.
I fixed that by isolating the belt wire from the system, using it only to bootstrap the crusher with a regular crushing recipe, which tricks the inserter into loading any asteroid. The recipe then switches to reprocessing before it completes its swing (since reprocessing signals out-prioritize asteroid signals).
I also made it fully configurable from only the static combinator, so if you want to stop reprocessing at epic or reprocess certain legendary asteroid types too, you can do so by setting the static combinator accordingly per its in-game description. The static combinator is also shareable across crushers, so the footprint is only 2x5 not counting the belt.